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Active and Passive Voice
Definition of Active Voice:
A verb is said to be in the Active Voice when the verb shows that the Subject is doing some action; or, in other words, is the doer of the action.
Examples of Active Voice:
- Shyam is making Dinner.
- Sourabh is washing the utensils.
- Krishna is driving for his office.
- Pritam reads a lot of books on politics.
Definition of Passive Voice:
A Verb is in the Passive Voice when its form shows that something is being done to the person or thing denoted by the Subject.
Examples of Passive Voice:
- A soup is being made by Shyam.
- The utensils are being washed by Sourabh.
- The vehicle is being driven by Krishna to her office.
- The students of class 9 are taught by Sanmita.
- A lot of books on politics are read by Pritam.
Rules of conversion from active to passive voice and vice versa:
- Object (Transitive Verb) of the Active Sentence becomes the subject of a passive sentence
For example:
- The artist is making sketch
- Object = “a sketch”
- Therefore, sentence in the Passive Voice: “A sketch is being made by the artist”, i.e. “a sketch” becomes the
- Changes in tense
- Simple present tense:
| ACTIVE VOICE | PASSIVE VOICE |
| Subject + Verb First Form + Object | Subject + Is/Am/Are/ + verb second form+ (by) Object |
| Example: Sunil does the Homework | Example: The homework is done by Sunil |
Examples (Simple present tense)
| ACTIVE VOICE | PASSIVE VOICE |
| · They sell Books. | · Books are sold by them. |
| · He cooks very delicious Biriyani. | · Very delicious Biriyani is cooked by him. |
| · She takes the same path everyday | · Same path is taken by her everyday |
- Present Continuous Tense
| ACTIVE VOICE | PASSIVE VOICE |
| Subject + is/ am/ are + V1 +ing + Object | Subject + is/am/are + being + V3 + (by) Object |
| Example: Sunil is doing the homework. | Example: The Homework is being done by Sunil. |
Examples (Present Continuous Tense)
| ACTIVE VOICE | PASSIVE VOICE |
| · She is cooking lots of meat. | · Lots of meat is being cooked by her. |
| · Ritambhara is writing a letter. | · The letter is being written by Ritambhara. |
- Present Prefect Tense:
| ACTIVE VOICE | PASSIVE VOICE |
| Subject + has/have +V3 + Object | Subject + has/have + been + V3 + (by) Object |
| Sunil has done the work | The homework has been done by Sunil |
Examples (Present Perfect Tense)
| ACTIVE VOICE | PASSIVE VOICE |
| He has cooked a lots of Pulav. | Lots of Pulav has been cooked by him. |
| Ritambhara has written a letter. | The letter has been written by Ritambhara. |